Hoy and West Mainland Special Protection Area Adventures
Hoy and West Mainland Special Protection Area is a crucial conservation zone in the Orkney Islands, known for its dramatic coastal landscapes and important seabird colonies. It offers excellent opportunities for wildlife observation and appreciating rugged northern coastal ecosystems.
About Hoy and West Mainland Special Protection Area
The Hoy and West Mainland Special Protection Area (SPA) is located in the western part of the Orkney archipelago in northern Scotland, encompassing the island of Hoy and the adjoining western headlands of Mainland Orkney. Designated under the European Union Birds Directive, this area safeguards vital breeding grounds for several seabird species including the internationally significant populations of red-throated divers, great black-backed gulls, and Arctic skuas. The coastline is characterized by steep cliffs, rocky shores, and expansive moorland that provide essential nesting habitats. Inland, the landscape features a mix of heath, grasslands, and wetlands supporting a rich variety of plant and animal life.
Historically, Hoy has cultural and archaeological significance with sites such as the Dwarfie Stane, a unique Neolithic chambered tomb hewn from red sandstone, attracting visitors interested in ancient history alongside natural beauty. Outdoor enthusiasts can explore rugged hiking trails that offer sweeping views over the Atlantic Ocean, dramatic sea stacks, and chances to spot seabirds and marine mammals. Due to the area's exposed northern maritime climate, weather can be unpredictable but adds to the wild character of the landscape.
Visitors are drawn to Hoy's Old Man of Hoy sea stack, one of the tallest stacks in the UK, which is a popular climbing destination and iconic landmark. Birdwatchers frequently visit during breeding seasons to observe the diverse seabird colonies. The special protection area balances conservation efforts with promoting responsible recreation, offering quiet natural surroundings that highlight Scotland’s unique northern coastline.
Highlights
Old Man of Hoy sea stack – iconic natural landmark and climbing destination
Important seabird breeding colonies including red-throated divers and Arctic skuas
Dwarfie Stane – unique Neolithic rock-cut tomb
Rugged coastal hikes with panoramic views of the Atlantic and Orkney archipelago
Notable Natural Features
Old Man of Hoy
A 449-foot tall sea stack formed from red sandstone, recognized as one of the tallest sea stacks in Great Britain and a renowned climbing challenge.
Dwarfie Stane
A rare Neolithic underground chambered tomb carved out of solid red sandstone, unique in Scotland for its shape and construction.
Cliffs of Hoy
Steep coastal cliffs providing critical breeding habitats for various seabirds, offering spectacular sea views and birdwatching opportunities.